例如 encode 用到 big5 至少要 use Encode::TW,這麼一來檔案至少膨脹了好幾百K。而且你還無法預期不只有 TW 或許 CN, JP.... 都有可能用到。
Sean 寫了一個模組呼叫 Windows API 來轉碼,不使用 Perl 裡面的。
當然只能在 Windows 上跑,但可以將 Perl 程式包出較小的執行檔。
使用時請注意,如果程式碼中有 "中文字串",您的原始碼文字檔必須是 UTF8 格式。
package Win32Encode;
use Encode qw(encode decode);
use Win32::API;
use utf8;
use strict;
use Exporter;
use vars qw(
$VERSION @ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS
%cp $API_MultiByteToWideChar $API_WideCharToMultiByte
);
$VERSION = '0.01';
@ISA = qw(Exporter);
@EXPORT = qw( ToUnicode ToANSI );
@EXPORT_OK = qw( ToUnicode ToANSI );
%cp = qw( EBCDICCPUS 37 437 437 CP437 437 CSPC8 437 CODEPAGE437 437 IBM437 437
ASMO708 708 DOS720 720 IBM737 737 CP500 775 IBM775 775 IBM850 850 IBM852 852
CP852 852 IBM857 857 IBM861 861 DOS862 862 CP866 866 IBM866 866 IBM869 869
CP870 870 ISO885911 874 DOS874 874 WINDOWS874 874 TIS620 874
XEBCDICGREEKMODERN 875 MSKANJI 932 CSSHIFTJIS 932 CSWINDOWS31J 932
XMSCP932 932 SHIFTJIS 932 XSJIS 932 CSISO58GB231280 936 GBK 936
GB231280 936 CSGB2312 936 CHINESE 936 CNGB 936 ISOIR58 936 GB2312 936
CSGB231280 936 KSC5601 949 KOREAN 949 KSC56011989 949 CSKSC56011987 949
KSC56011987 949 ISOIR149 949 CSBIG5 950 BIG5 950 XXBIG5 950 CNBIG5 950
CP1026 1026 XEBCDICCPUSEURO 1140 XEBCDICGERMANYEURO 1141
XEBCDICDENMARKNORWAYEURO 1142 XEBCDICFINLANDSWEDENEURO 1143
XEBCDICFRANCE 1143 XEBCDICITALYEURO 1144 XEBCDICSPAINEURO 1145
XEBCDICUKEURO 1146 XEBCDICFRANCEEURO 1147 XEBCDICINTERNATIONALEURO 1148
XEBCDICICELANDICEURO 1149 UNICODE 1200 UTF16 1200 UNICODEFFFE 1201
WINDOWS1250 1250 XCP1250 1250 WINDOWS1251 1251 XCP1251 1251 ISO646US 1252
WINDOWS1252 1252 ISO646IRV1991 1252 USASCII 1252 IBM819 1252 LATIN1 1252
CP819 1252 XANSI 1252 ANSIX341986 1252 ISOIR6 1252 ISO885911987 1252 ASCII 1252
ISOIR100 1252 US 1252 ANSIX341968 1252 CSASCII 1252 CP367 1252 ISO88591 1252
IBM367 1252 WINDOWS1253 1253 WINDOWS1254 1254 ISOIR148 1254 ISO88599 1254
LATIN5 1254 ISO885991989 1254 ISO88598I 1255 VISUAL 1255 WINDOWS1255 1255
ISO88598 1255 WINDOWS1256 1256 CP1256 1256 WINDOWS1257 1257 WINDOWS1258 1258
JOHAB 1361 MACINTOSH 10000 XMACJAPANESE 10001 XMACCHINESETRAD 10002
XMACKOREAN 10003 XMACARABIC 10004 XMACHEBREW 10005 XMACGREEK 10006
XMACCYRILLIC 10007 XMACCHINESESIMP 10008 XMACCE 10029 XMACICELANDIC 10079
XMACTURKISH 10081 XCHINESECNS 20000 XCHINESEETEN 20002 XIA5 20105
XIA5GERMAN 20106 XIA5SWEDISH 20107 XIA5NORWEGIAN 20108 ISOIR6US 20127
XEBCDICGERMANY 20273 XEBCDICDENMARKNORWAY 20277 XEBCDICFINLANDSWEDEN 20278
XEBCDICITALY 20280 XEBCDICSPAIN 20284 XEBCDICUK 20285
XEBCDICJAPANESEKATAKANA 20290 XEBCDICARABIC 20420 XEBCDICGREEK 20423
XEBCDICHEBREW 20424 XEBCDICKOREANEXTENDED 20833 XEBCDICTHAI 20838
CSKOI8R 20866 KOI 20866 KOI8 20866 KOI8R 20866 XEBCDICICELANDIC 20871
XEBCDICCYRILLICRUSSIAN 20880 XEBCDICTURKISH 20905
XEBCDICCYRILLICSERBIANBULGARIAN 21025 KOI8U 21866 KOI8RU 21866 L1 28591
CSISO 28591 L2 28592 ISOIR101 28592 ISO88592 28592 CSISOLATIN2 28592
LATIN2 28592 ISO885921987 28592 ISO88593 28593 ISO885931988 28593
ISOIR109 28593 LATIN3 28593 L3 28593 LATIN4 28594 ISO885941988 28594
ISOIR110 28594 L4 28594 ISO88594 28594 CSISOLATIN4 28594 ISO88595 28595
CYRILLIC 28595 ISOIR144 28595 CSISOLATIN5 28595 CSISOLATINCYRILLIC 28595
ISO885951988 28595 ECMA114 28596 ISO885961987 28596 ARABIC 28596 ISOIR127 28596
ISO88596 28596 CSISOLATINARABIC 28596 GREEK8 28597 ELOT928 28597
ISO885971987 28597 CSISOLATINGREEK 28597 ISO88597 28597 ECMA118 28597
ISOIR126 28597 GREEK 28597 HEBREW 28598 ISO885981988 28598
CSISOLATINHEBREW 28598 ISOIR138 28598 L5 28599 L9 28605 LATIN9 28605
ISO885915 28605 XEUROPA 29001 LOGICAL 38598 ISO2022JP 50221
CSISO2022JP 50221 CSISO2022KR 50225 ISO2022KR 50225
XEBCDICJAPANESEANDKANA 50930 XEBCDICJAPANESEANDUSCANADA 50931
XEBCDICKOREANANDKOREANEXTENDED 50933 XEBCDICSIMPLIFIEDCHINESE 50935
XEBCDICTRADITIONALCHINESE 50937 XEBCDICJAPANESEANDJAPANESELATIN 50939
XEUC 51932 EUCJP 51932 XEUCJP 51932
EXTENDEDUNIXCODEPACKEDFORMATFORJAPANESE 51932 CSEUCPKDFMTJAPANESE 51932
EUCCN 51936 XEUCCN 51936 EUCKR 51949 CSEUCKR 51949 HZGB2312 52936
XISCIIDE 57002 XISCIIBE 57003 XISCIITA 57004 XISCIITE 57005 XISCIIAS 57006
XISCIIOR 57007 XISCIIKA 57008 XISCIIMA 57009 XISCIIGU 57010 XISCIIPA 57011
CSUNICODE11UTF7 65000 XUNICODE20UTF7 65000 UNICODE11UTF7 65000 UTF7 65000
XUNICODE20UTF8 65001 UTF8 65001 UNICODE20UTF8 65001 UNICODE11UTF8 65001);
# 使用 Windows API 互轉 ANSI 字元及 Perl Unicode 字串
#
#
# 原始碼以 utf-8 儲存時
# $ansi = ToANSI("中文字ABC\n"); # 相當於 encode("Big5","中文ABC") 傳回的 Big5 byte 型式
# $unicode = ToUnicode($ansi); # 轉成 Perl Unicode 字串
#
# 字元集參數預設為 CP_ACP(0) 即系統預設語言
# 轉成多位元字元 (Perl 的 Unicode字串,[字元集])
sub ToANSI {
my($u8,$codepage) = @_;
$codepage ||=0;
unless($codepage =~ /^\d+$/) {
$codepage = uc($codepage);
$codepage =~ s/[^A-Z0-9]//g;
$codepage = (exists $cp{$codepage})?$cp{$codepage}:0;
}
my $u_len = length($u8);
my $uni_str = encode("UCS-2LE",$u8);
$API_WideCharToMultiByte = new Win32::API('kernel32','WideCharToMultiByte','NNPNPNPP','N') unless defined $API_WideCharToMultiByte;
my $len = $API_WideCharToMultiByte->Call($codepage,0,$uni_str,$u_len,0,0,0,0);
return undef unless $len;
my $string = "\0" x $len;
my $result = $API_WideCharToMultiByte->Call($codepage,0,$uni_str,$u_len,$string,$len,0,0);
return undef unless $result;
return($string);
}
# 轉成 Perl 的 Unicode 字串( ANSI字串,[字元集] )
sub ToUnicode {
my($string,$codepage) = @_;
$codepage ||=0;
unless($codepage =~ /^\d+$/) {
$codepage = uc($codepage);
$codepage =~ s/[^A-Z0-9]//g;
$codepage = (exists $cp{$codepage})?$cp{$codepage}:0;
}
$API_MultiByteToWideChar = new Win32::API('kernel32','MultiByteToWideChar','NNPNPN','N') unless defined $API_MultiByteToWideChar;
my $len = $API_MultiByteToWideChar->Call($codepage,0,$string,length($string),0,0);
return undef unless $len;
my $ustring = "\0" x ($len*2);
my $result = $API_MultiByteToWideChar->Call($codepage,0,$string,length($string),$ustring,$len);
return undef unless $result;
return decode("UCS-2LE",$ustring);
}
1;
題外話。為了更減輕打包出來的大小,C:\Perl\lib\unicore 目錄可以只剩下列檔案:
Canonical.pl
Exact.pl
PVA.pl
lib\gc_sc\Digit.pl
lib\gc_sc\SpacePer.pl
lib\gc_sc\Word.pl
To\Digit.pl
To\Fold.pl
To\Lower.pl
To\Title.pl
To\Upper.pl
這只是通常的情況,保險一點修改 C:\Perl\lib\utf8_heavy.pl 裡的 DEBUG 為 1。
把自己的程式跑一遍,看看有沒有缺少哪個 unicore 裡的檔案。
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